Types of houses by structure
Before we get to the different types of houses, it can be helpful to know the common types of residential structures. Knowing whether you want a single-family home or a condo can narrow down your search and make it easier to find something that suits your budget and lifestyle.House structures:
Single-family detached
A single-family home is a structure that is not physically attached to other houses. These homes offer the highest degree of privacy and customization by the owner. They are most popular in areas with lower population densities.Pros of single-family detached homes | Cons of single-family detached homes |
MORE PRIVACY | ALL COSTS FALL TO THE OWNER |
CAN BE CUSTOMIZED BY OWNER | LACK OF PUBLIC AMENITIES |
OWNER HAS EQUITY IN THE PROPERTY | REQUIRE A LONG-TERM COMMITMENT |
Apartment
An apartment is a residential unit contained within a larger building or complex. An apartment is only available for renting and requires a contractual agreement with the landlord. Some apartment buildings provide amenities such as pools and fitness rooms.Pros of apartments | Cons of apartments |
BUILDING AMENITIES | LIMITED PRIVACY |
LANDLORD IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS | LIMITED OPTIONS TO CUSTOMIZE |
RENTER HAS SHORT-TERM COMMITMENTS | NO EQUITY WITH RENT PAYMENTS |
Condominium
A condominium, or condo for short, is an apartment-like unit that is owned by an individual. The owner can make renovations and rent out the unit so long as they do not violate the rules of the homeowners association (HOA).Pros of condominiums | Cons of condominiums |
REQUIRE LESS UPKEEP THAN A DETACHED HOME | OWNER MUST ABIDE BY HOA RULES |
OWNER HAS EQUITY WITH MORTGAGE PAYMENTS | LIMITED PRIVACY |
Co-op
A housing cooperative, more commonly known as a co-op, has many similarities to a condominium but with more restrictions. Instead of purchasing a specific unit within the building, the buyer is purchasing shares in the company that owns the building. The number of shares the person owns translates to the size of their unit.Pros of co-ops | Cons of co-ops |
LESS EXPENSIVE THAN A DETACHED HOME | CAN BE DIFFICULT TO SELL SHARES |
FOSTER A SENSE OF COMMUNITY WITH NEIGHBORS | OWNER MUST ABIDE BY STRICT RULES |
Townhome
A townhome is a private unit that is attached to at least one other private unit. It usually has exterior access and multiple stories for added space. Townhomes sometimes provide access to shared building amenities.Pros of townhomes | Cons of townhomes |
USUALLY HAVE MORE SPACE THAN A CONDO | AT LEAST ONE SHARED WALL WITH NEIGHBOR |
GENERALLY MORE AFFORDABLE THAN A SINGLE-FAMILY HOME | LIMITATIONS PLACED ON CUSTOMIZING EXTERIOR |
Coach home
Coach houses, sometimes called carriages, were originally used to house horse-drawn carriages and were converted to be private dwellings. Now, a coach house can refer to any detached unit on the same property as another building. They can be rented out by the property owner of the main house, or owned by a second individual.Pros of coach houses | Cons of coach houses |
MORE PRIVACY THAN AN APARTMENT | MORE EXPENSIVE THAN A CONDO |
CAN BE USED AS AN INVESTMENT PROPERTY | LESS FREEDOM THAN A SINGLE-FAMILY HOME |
Chalet
A chalet is the traditional house of shepherds in Switzerland. Today, the term refers to a vacation home located in the mountains. They usually have easy access to ski routes and are specially designed with steep roofs to deter the accumulation of snow.Pros of chalets | Cons of chalets |
CONVENIENT ACCESS FOR OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES | LIMITED USE AS A SINGLE-PURPOSE GETAWAY |
Cabin
A cabin is a type of single-family structure defined by its minimalist features and rustic design. It is often used as a vacation residence but can also be a primary dwelling. Cabins are almost always located in remote areas.Pros of cabins | Cons of cabins |
PROVIDE A HIGH DEGREE OF PRIVACY | LACK MANY AMENITIES OF A MODERN HOUSE |
Tiny house
A tiny home is usually considered to be any home under 400 square feet. Tiny homes were inspired by the modern trend of people downsizing their possessions and financial burdens.Pros of tiny houses | Cons of tiny houses |
AFFORDABLE TO BUILD OR PURCHASE | CAN BE DIFFICULT TO FIND A BUYER |
CONTAIN SOME DEGREE OF MODERN AMENITIES | LACK OF SPACE |
Mobile home
A mobile home is a factory-built house that can be towed to a lot for a semi-permanent residence. The mass-produced nature of mobile homes makes them an affordable option for home buyers.Pros of mobile homes | Cons of mobile homes |
RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE | MAY REQUIRE MONTHLY LOT FEES |
ABLE TO MOVE LOCATIONS | DO NOT AGE AS WELL AS TRADITIONAL HOMES |
Modular home
A modular home has different sections that are fabricated in a factory. The sections are then shipped to the build site and assembled atop the foundation.Pros of modular homes | Cons of modular homes |
FAST CONSTRUCTION TIME | OLDER HOMES WERE BUILT WITH CHEAP MATERIALS AND MAY REQUIRE RENOVATIONS |
HIGHER QUALITY THAN MOBILE HOMES | DIFFICULT TO SELL DUE TO OLD STIGMAS |
Types of houses by architectural style
Now that you know the different structures that can make up a home, it’s time to dive into the house architecture styles you’ll likely come across. When we talk about house styles, we’re referring to the exterior aesthetics of each house and some of their practical functions. As you examine the different kinds of houses, take note of what is beneficial for the area you live in, versus what is simply decorative, as this can drive costs up unnecessarily. For example, while a home with tall ceilings and lots of windows may be great for hot climates, it’s going to raise heating costs in areas with harsh winters.Victorian
The Victorian house style came to prominence in the 1830s — during Queen Victoria’s reign — and continued into the early 1900s. These homes are quite large, usually two to three stories tall. This type of house is known for its ornate wooden exterior with gabled roofs and turrets.Defining features:- Ornate designs
- Large porch
- Bright colors
- Bay windows
- Turrets
Tudor
The Tudor house style came to America in the late 1800s and remained popular into the 1930s. Tudor homes often evoke feelings of an English country manor. They were inspired by medieval architectural elements and incorporated masonry, timber framing and narrow windows. Defining features:- Asymmetrical structure
- Mostly brick exterior
- Timber frame with white stucco filling
- Shingled roof
Farmhouse
The Farmhouse style is known for its warm and cozy aesthetics. It typically employs hand-hewn beams and wrought iron hardware over a rectangular design. Farmhouse-style homes often have wood flooring, clapboard siding and contrasting shutters. Some even mimic barn roofs. Defining features:- Exposed wood beams
- Tall ceilings
- Large porch
- Rectangular layout
Modern Farmhouse
Modern Farmhouse homes blend traditional Farmhouse elements with the sleek, clean lines of contemporary design, resulting in warmth, simplicity and functionality. The style is characterized by natural textures and materials, especially wood and galvanized steel. Color schemes lean toward cream with black trim and fittings, though bolder hues are also used.Defining features:- Galvanized steel
- Clean lines
- Tall ceilings
- Contemporary features
French Country
As the name suggests, French Country-style houses take inspiration from homes found in areas like Provence, France. These types of homes share traits with the Farmhouse style by incorporating distressed wood, subdued color palettes and window shutters. They differs in their stone exterior and fireplace. Defining features:- Stone exterior
- Pointed roof
- Distressed wood
- Window shutters
Mid-Century Modern
Mid-Century Modern style is all about simplicity, with clean lines, organic and geometric shapes, floor-to-ceiling windows and minimal decoration. Made popular after World War II, Mid-Century Modern design puts function front and center. This type of home also aims to complement the surrounding environment.Defining features:- Straight lines
- Floor-to-ceiling windows
- Steel and concrete materials
- Open spaces
Tuscan/Mediterranean
The Tuscan style is a natural fit for areas that have a mix of indoor and outdoor living. It’s a style that looks particularly fitting in the rolling hills of wine country and in sunny Southern California. These kinds of houses feature detailed stonework, lavish balconies with wrought iron railings, terracotta tiles, textured walls and stucco façades. Defining features:- Stucco walls
- Tiled roof
- Wrought iron accents
- Balcony
Ranch
Ranch houses first popped up in the 1930s and hit their peak in the 1950s. They are known for open living spaces and low-pitched roofs, rarely being taller than one story. Since these homes hit the market during the suburban boom, they often have an attached garage for commuters and a large backyard.Defining features:- Low-pitched roof
- Attached garage
- Large backyard
- Open spaces
Split-Level
The Split-Level house style is an offshoot of the Ranch style and became popular in the 1950s and 1960s. Its main difference is that it will contain multiple stories that are connected with short flights of stairs. Defining features:- Multiple floors
- Short flights of stairs
- Low-pitched roofs
- Attached garage
Bungalow
Bungalow houses were first constructed in the 19th century by the British elite as simple rest houses. This affordable style was adopted all over America in the 20th century, with offshoots popping up in Chicago, California and Michigan. Bungalow homes are known for their column-supported roofs, large main floors and stone elements.Defining features:- One or one-and-a-half stories
- Exposed rafters
- Square, tapered columns
- Stone exterior
Cottage
Cottage houses were first built by working class English farmers before this type of home was first brought to America. Now, they are ideal vacation homes due to their tight quarters, creating a cozy atmosphere and requiring little maintenance. They can be identified by their wood or wood shingle siding and small front porches. Defining features:- Condensed layout
- Wood shingle siding
- Small porch
Art Deco
Art Deco is one of the most visually distinct types of homes in this list. Like Mid-Century Modern and Cottage, this style can also be applied to certain interior design elements. Concerning house architecture styles, Art Deco is defined by its stucco walls with rounded corners and its often flat roofs. Other common traits include glass brick windows, shiny chrome and detailed exteriors.Defining features:- Rounded corners
- Stucco walls
- Mirrored surfaces
Colonial
The Colonial house style in America dates back to the 1600s and draws from English, French, Georgian, Dutch and Spanish influences. These homes are at least two stories tall and have a rectangular frame. They have a symmetrical façade with evenly spaced windows. It is also common for them to have a decorative crown over the entryway that is supported by columns. Defining features:- Two to three stories
- Symmetrical, rectangular shape
- Brick or wood siding
- Central staircase
Cape Cod
Cape Cod homes are similar in style to Colonial houses, and they originated around the same time. They also have a symmetrical appearance, but are usually smaller in size. They were designed to withstand harsh weather, so they have heavy shutters to protect the windows and a central fireplace for heating the whole home where essential. Defining features:- One to one-and-a-half stories
- Wood clapboard or shingle siding
- Symmetrical
- Center door
Craftsman
The Craftsman style is a rebellion against the mass-produced homes in modern developments. These houses are handmade and built to stand the test of time. Each one is unique since they are designed according to the specifications of the owner. Some common traits include built-in shelves, custom fireplaces and reading nooks. Defining features:- Wood siding
- Exposed beams
- Tapered columns
Greek Revival
The Greek Revival style arose during the 1800s when people found inspiration in ancient Greek culture. This translated to buildings emulating traits of historic structures like the Parthenon. These types of houses in America had large wood columns that were covered in white plaster to mimic stone.Defining features:- High ceilings
- Large entryway
- White columns
Prairie
The Prairie house style is a uniquely American creation. These types of houses were created by architects looking to break away from the traditional European styles of the time. It can be seen as a precursor to the Mid-Century Modern style with its heavy reliance on horizontal lines and desire to complement natural surroundings. Defining features:- Flat roof
- Open floor plan
- Horizontal lines
- Stucco, stone or brick siding
Contemporary
The Contemporary style refers to homes that are presently being built and do not fall under a previously defined style. They sometimes share elements with modernist styles — such as clean lines — but will also appeal to current trends, like utilizing eco-friendly materials. Defining features:- Clean lines
- Neutral colors
- Minimalist details